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病因慢性重度贫血可引起心脏增大、心肌肥厚和脂肪变性,病情进一步发展可发生心力衰竭。小儿慢性重度贫血常见于营养性贫血、地中海贫血、异常血红蛋白病、再生障碍性贫血、红细胞酶缺乏性贫血、免疫性溶血性贫血、出血性疾病和钩虫病等。贫血时,因血红蛋白减少,动脉含氧量降低,导致组织缺氧,为了满足组织对氧的需要,机体发生代偿功能:主要为心率增快;血流述度增速,结果导致心排出量增加。由于心脏负荷长期增加和心肌缺氧,
Causes of chronic severe anemia can cause heart enlargement, cardiac hypertrophy and fatty degeneration, the further development of the disease can occur heart failure. Chronic severe anemia in children common in nutritional anemia, thalassemia, abnormal hemoglobin disease, aplastic anemia, erythrocyte-deficiency anemia, immune hemolytic anemia, bleeding disorders and hookworm disease. Anemia, due to decreased hemoglobin, arterial oxygen content decreased, resulting in tissue hypoxia, in order to meet the organization’s oxygen needs, the body compensatory function: the main increase in heart rate; degree of blood flow growth, resulting in cardiac output increase. Due to long-term increase in heart load and myocardial hypoxia,