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在过去三十年间网络发展已经历了三个阶段。第一个是以主机为中心的阶段,一个中央大型机,以及集中存储的数据、集中的应用程序、集中的网络管理,同时服务于成百上千的使用傻终端的用户,网络结构是严格的层次型的。在八十年代初,出现了个人机和局域网,计算模型从集中式向分布式发展,网络结构也从层次式走向对等通讯。局域网通过网桥和路由器互联起来,由于这一阶段的网络里PC及路由器的大量使用,所以这一阶段称为PC和路由器阶段。进入90年代,光纤技术有了巨大的发展,带宽容量成千上万倍增
The network has gone through three stages in the past three decades. The first is a host-centric phase, a central mainframe, and centrally stored data, centralized applications, centralized network management, while serving hundreds of users using silly endpoints, the network structure is strict Hierarchical. In the early 1980s, personal computers and local area networks appeared. The computing models developed from centralized to distributed, and the network structure shifted from the hierarchical to the peer-to-peer communication. LAN through the bridge and router interconnection, due to the large-scale use of PC and routers in this phase of the network, so this stage is called PC and router stage. Into the 90’s, optical fiber technology has made tremendous development, bandwidth capacity of thousands of doublings