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为了评价顶芒山羊草和无芒山羊草在小麦育种中的利用价值,本研究利用人工接种和近红外二极管阵列分析仪分别对圆锥小麦-顶芒山羊草双二倍体和中国春-无芒山羊草双二倍体的抗病性及籽粒品质进行了鉴/测定。结果表明,二者均近免疫小麦条锈病和白粉病,且其籽粒蛋白和湿面筋含量均极显著高于对照小麦,因此,这2个种质值得向小麦进行回交转育。为了建立可用于鉴定小麦背景中2种山羊草的细胞遗传标记辅助鉴定相应回交群体,利用寡聚核苷酸原位杂交(FISH)方法对2份双二倍体进行分析。结果发现,探针(GAA)8可有效鉴定小麦背景中的顶芒山羊草染色体;探针Oligop Sc119.2-1、Oligo-p Ta-535-1和(GAA)8结合使用可有效鉴定小麦背景中的无芒山羊草染色体。本研究首次建立的2种山羊草细胞遗传学标记可用于相应杂种后代的筛选与鉴定工作,为辅助选育含有2种山羊草优异基因的小麦新种质奠定了基础。
In order to evaluate the use value of A. capitatum and A. mangosteen in wheat breeding, artificial inoculation and near-infrared diode array analyzer were used to analyze the genetic diversity of the diploid wheat of Diplodocus conus - Goatgrass diploid resistance and grain quality Kam Kam / determination. The results showed that both of them were nearly immune to wheat stripe rust and powdery mildew, and the content of grain protein and wet gluten were significantly higher than that of the control wheat. Therefore, the two germplasms were worth backcrossed to wheat. To establish a cytogenetic marker-assisted backcross population that could be used to identify two species of goatgrass in a wheat background, two bi-diploids were analyzed using oligonucleotide in situ hybridization (FISH). The results showed that the probe GAA8 could effectively identify the chromosome of A. capitatum in the wheat background. The combination of probe Oligop Sc119.2-1, Oligo-p Ta-535-1 and (GAA) 8 could effectively identify wheat Mumschmania chromosome in the background. The two kinds of goat grass cell genetic markers firstly established in this study can be used for the screening and identification of the corresponding offspring of hybrids and laid the foundation for the breeding of new wheat germplasm containing two excellent genes of goat grass.