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地磁扰动可以破坏传导网络的运行,如电力系统、管线和通讯电缆。在电力系统中,地磁感应电流(GIC)通过电力变压器传到地面,干扰变压器的运行,使变压器变热,增加无功功率需求,并产生导致继电器误操作的谐波。在极端情况下,这些效应能导致电力中断,如1989年3月地磁暴期间,魁北克电网中断供电长达9个小时,600 万人受到影响。地磁扰动是由太阳喷发高能粒子流向地球空间传动的结果。当这些粒子到达地球时,与地球磁场产生相互作用,所激发的电流向下流动到地球电离层。大部分强电流伴随着极光出现在横跨加拿大的东西带上。它是由电离层电流产生的磁场在地面上所看到的一种磁扰现象。预防地磁对电力系统的影响主要是阻止电力系统中产生地磁感应电流。但是这种措施相当昂贵,许多设施欲在地磁扰动期运行还需依赖地磁活动预报。加拿大地磁预报服务局是由加拿大自然资源部设立的机构,从1974年开始运行,现在可以提供覆盖加拿大3个纬度带的长期和短期地磁预报服务。该项研究工作是全方位的,从用于改进预报的有关太阳爆发的新资料到了解电力系统对磁扰的反应。地磁扰动研究由加拿大地磁预报中心和许多加拿大大学研究小组负责进行,而地磁感应的研究是由一些受其影响的行业组织进行的,也经常与上述预报中心进行合作研究。
Geomagnetic disturbances can disrupt the operation of a conductive network, such as power systems, pipelines, and telecommunications cables. In the power system, geomagnetic induced current (GIC) through the power transformer to the ground, interfere with the operation of the transformer, the transformer becomes hot, increasing the reactive power requirements, and produce the relay caused by the misuse of the harmonic. In extreme cases, these effects can lead to power outages, such as the interruption of the power grid in Québec in up to nine hours and the suspension of six million people during the geomagnetic storm in March 1989. Geomagnetic perturbations are the result of the transfer of energetic particles from the sun to the Earth’s space. When these particles reach the Earth, they interact with the Earth’s magnetic field, and the excited current flows down to the earth’s ionosphere. Most of the strong currents accompany the aurora over the things that straddle Canada. It is a magnetic disturbance seen on the ground by a magnetic field generated by ionospheric currents. The impact of geomagnetic prevention on the power system is mainly to prevent the generation of geomagnetic induced current in the power system. However, this measure is quite expensive and many facilities are still subject to geomagnetism prediction in geomagnetic disturbance period. The Geomagnetic Forecasting Service of Canada, a body set up by the Canadian Department of Natural Resources and operating since 1974, now offers long-term and short-term geomagnetic forecasting services covering three latitudes in Canada. The research work is comprehensive, from new information on solar eruptions used to improve forecasts to understanding the response of power systems to magnetic disturbances. Geomagnetic disturbance studies are conducted by the Canadian Geomagnetic Forecasting Center and many Canadian university research groups, while geomagnetic induction studies are conducted by a number of industry groups affected by them and collaborative research is often conducted with the above forecast centers.