论文部分内容阅读
水杉(Metasequoia glyptostroboicles Fuetcheng)是我国特有的孑遗古稀植物之一,树种中的活化石。树干端直,树姿优美,繁殖容易,适应性强,生长快,是很好的四旁绿化和荒山造林树种。自1948年被发现定名后,各地广为引种栽培,我国除东北和西北以外,各省均有栽培,据完全了解,欧、美及非州有50多个国家引种。垂直分布从海拔200m左右的长江两岸,至海拔2600m的川西地区。 在水杉发展过程中,我国有关科研单位对种子育苗与幼林的培育作了大量的试验研究,但对水杉的生态与生长特性方面的研究报道少。为丰富用材树种和建立速生丰产林提供科学依据,对我省现有四旁和荒山营造的水杉,分别进行实地调查观测,从所收集的资料分析研究表明:水杉在年平均温度为8.6—20.5℃,极端最高温为45℃,最低湿为—47℃,年降雨量753.1—2364.6mm,相对温度从40％到90％,日照时数526.9—2400小时的气候条件下均能生长。喜微酸性或酸性土壤在山坡中下部缓坡山谷生长良好。20年生的水杉年平均树高生长量为0.8m,直径生长量为1.2cm。30年生还未达到数量成熟。根系发达,穿透力强,据调查,9年生的水杉根幅比冠幅大30.6—41.4％,其生长量是阳坡比阴坡大。总的说来,水杉对生境适应性强,生长快产量高,宜于在我省适生区发展。
Metasequoia glyptostroboicles Fuetcheng is one of the endemic relics in ancient China, one of the living fossils in tree species. Straight trunk straight, graceful tree, breeding easy, adaptable, fast growth, is a good afforestation and barren hills on afforestation species. Since its discovery of its name in 1948, it has been widely introduced throughout the country. In addition to northeast and northwest China, all provinces have their own cultivation. It is fully understood that more than 50 countries in Europe, the United States and the non-states have introduced them. Vertical distribution from about 200m above sea level across the Yangtze River to 2600m above sea level in western Sichuan. During the development of Metasequoia glyptostroboides, a large number of experimental researches have been done on the nurturing of seedlings and nurseries in related scientific research units in China, but there are few reports on the ecological and growth characteristics of Metasequoia glyptostroboides. In order to provide scientific basis for enriching timber species and establishing fast-growing and high-yielding forests, Metasequoia glyptostroboides cultivated on four sides and barren hills in our province were respectively surveyed and observed. According to the collected data, Metasequoia glyptostroboides showed that when annual average temperature was 8.6-20.5 ℃ , The extreme maximum temperature of 45 ℃, the lowest humidity of -47 ℃, the annual rainfall of 753.1-2364.6mm, the relative temperature from 40% to 90%, sunshine hours 526.9-2400 hours of weather conditions can grow. Slightly acidic or acidic soils grow well in the gentle slopes of the lower and middle slopes. The 20-year-old annual average tree height growth of Metasequoia was 0.8 m and its diameter growth was 1.2 cm. 30-year-old has not yet reached the number of mature. Developed root system, penetrating power, according to the survey, 9-year-old root width larger than the crown 30.6-41.4%, its growth is larger than the shady slope. In general, Metasequoia adaptability to habitats, fast growth and high yield, suitable for development in the province’s adaptive zone.