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本文分析了欧盟的技术性标准及法规对中国出口贸易的转移作用,以出口市场份额的变动来反应市场占有率的变化,从而推断出技术性贸易壁垒的转移效应。本文使用WTO/TBT委员会的TBT STC数据库并在对该数据库整理的基础上,搜集了欧盟主要的技术性措施及涉及的产品种类加以整理,采用系统GMM对动态面板数据进行回归。结果显示,欧盟的TBT措施的实施对中国的出口贸易产生了较大的转移作用。文章还特别就中国出口至欧盟的化学品和电子电气产品对TBT措施及关税进行回归,结果发现,TBT措施对这两类产品产生较大的转移作用,而关税的影响并不显着。
This paper analyzes the EU’s technical standards and regulations on the transfer of China’s export trade role in order to change the export market share to reflect the changes in market share, thus infer the transfer effect of technical barriers to trade. Based on the TBT STC database of the WTO / TBT Committee and the consolidation of the database, the paper collects the main technical measures and the types of products involved in the EU and regulates the dynamic panel data by using the system GMM. The results show that the implementation of the EU’s TBT measures has greatly shifted China’s export trade. In particular, the article also revises TBT measures and tariffs on China’s exports of chemicals and electrical and electronic products to the EU. It finds that the TBT measures have a greater effect on the transfer of these two types of products while the impact of tariffs is not significant.