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ACT-R(adaptive control of thought-rational)是一种认知体系结构的理论和计算模型.本研究使用模拟汽车驾驶比较了新驾驶员与熟练驾驶员横向控制绩效的差别,并运用基于ACT-R的驾驶员绩效模型对2类驾驶员的横向控制行为建立计算仿真模型,分析其心理机制,得到以下主要结论:(1)新驾驶员的横向控制技能不足,表现为横向偏差显著地大于熟练驾驶员,同时这一不足在弯路时比直路时更明显,新驾驶员弯路行驶时显著地偏向弯道外侧,而熟练驾驶员不发生外侧偏移;(2)使用认知体系结构建模的方法,以较近和较远的视觉注意点远点距离,可以模拟仿真出2组驾驶员弯路行驶外侧偏移的差异.本研究的方法和结果可以为改进驾驶培训和开发智能驾驶辅助系统提供认知心理学上的理论支持,也能为以ACT-R为代表的计算认知模型应用提供样例和经验.
ACT-R is a theoretical and computational model of Cognitive Architecture.In this study, the difference between the performance of the new driver and the proficient driver in lateral control was compared by using simulated car driving, R driver performance model of the two types of driver’s lateral control behavior to establish a computational simulation model to analyze the psychological mechanism, the following main conclusions: (1) The new driver’s lack of lateral control skills, manifested as significantly greater than the lateral deviation deviation Driver, and this deficiency is more obvious in the case of detours than in the case of straight roads. The new driver is significantly biased to the outside of the curve when detours, while the skilled driver does not have lateral offset. (2) The cognitive architecture Method can be used to simulate the difference between the lateral offset of two groups of drivers in detouring with the closer and far visual attention point distance.The method and the results of this study can provide a theoretical basis for improving driving training and developing intelligent driving assistance system Theoretical support for cognitive psychology can also provide examples and experiences for the application of computational cognitive models represented by ACT-R.