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研究以‘岱玉’‘凯特’‘金太阳’‘新世纪’‘玉杏’‘红荷包’6个杏品种果实硬核期落果为试材,调查发现杏落果分为3个阶段:雌蕊败育、授粉不良导致的落花阶段,树体营养不足、胚乳停滞导致落果阶段,硬核期发育不良造成的落果阶段。对比分析6个杏品种落果与正常果的差异,结果表明:正常果实与落果酶活性差异较大,落果SOD活性明显低于正常果实,CAT活性及可溶性蛋白含量高于正常果实,其中以‘玉杏’可溶性蛋白含量最高,接近2.5μg/g,正常果实中最高不到1.5μg/g;以‘金太阳’杏为材料,对比分析叶片中营养元素含量的差别,结果表明,落果树叶片中氮、磷、钾、钙、镁5种元素含量均低于正常树叶片,正常树叶片氮元素含量(59.65 g/kg)是落果树叶片(14.46 g/kg)的4倍,两者差异极显著(P<0.01),钾元素含量差异显著(P<0.05),其余几种元素差别不明显,落果严重的杏树叶片氮、钾元素水平较低。该研究为解决杏树后期指导花期追肥、减少生理落果、提高杏树产量提供了依据。
The results showed that the apricot fruits were divided into three stages: the pistil decay and the pistil decay. The results showed that the fruits of six apricot cultivars in Daiyu, Kate, Golden Sun, New Century, Fertility, poor pollination led to the stage of falling, lack of tree nutrition, endosperm stagnation led to the deciduous stage, the hard stage caused by stunted fruit falling stage. The results showed that the activities of normal fruits and fruits were significantly different, the activities of SOD in fallen fruits were significantly lower than those in normal fruits, and CAT activity and soluble protein contents were higher than those in normal fruits. Among them, The content of soluble protein in apricot was the highest, which was close to 2.5μg / g and the highest was less than 1.5μg / g in normal fruit. The difference of the content of nutrient in leaves was analyzed with ’Golden Sun’ apricot as material. The contents of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium and magnesium were all lower than those of normal leaves. The content of nitrogen (59.65 g / kg) in normal leaves was four times of that of fallen leaves (14.46 g / kg) (P <0.01). The content of potassium was significantly different (P <0.05), but the difference of other elements was insignificant. The research provided the basis for solving the apricot late-stage flowering top dressing, reducing physiological drop fruit, and improving the yield of apricot.