生态学原为生物科学的一个分支,早在古希腊的亚里斯多德、希波克拉底斯等的著作中已有有关生态学知识的论述。一八六九年,德国生物学家赫格尔首次将生态学定义为“研究生物与环境相互关系的科学”。现代生态学家把生态学分为动物生态学、植物生态学、遗传生态学、生理生态学等。也有人分为农业生态学、林业生态学、海洋生态学、湖泊生态 Ecology was originally a branch of the biological sciences, as early as in ancient Greece Aristotle, Hippocrates and other writings have been on the ecological knowledge of the discourse. In 1869, German biologist Hegel first defined ecology as “the science that studies the interrelationship between living things and the environment.” Modern ecologists divide ecology into animal ecology, plant ecology, genetic ecology, and physiological ecology. There are also people divided into agricultural ecology, forestry ecology, marine ecology, lake ecology