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市场没有办法提供公共物品,这几乎是现代经济学的共识。而公共物品又是市场主体——消费者与企业的必需品。市场参与者们不得不组织起来建立一个企业来专司公共品的提供,这个“企业”便是政府。从公众与企业关系角度讲,在公众与提供私有物品的企业的关系中,公众仅仅是消费者;而在公众与提供公共物品的政府的关系中,公众既是消费者还是政府这个大企业的“股东”。正是由于这种双重身份使得公众政府的博弈完全不同于公众与企业的博弈。
There is no way for the market to provide public goods, which is almost the consensus of modern economics. And public goods are the main body of the market - the necessities of consumers and enterprises. Market participants have to organize themselves to set up a company to provide public goods, the “enterprise” is the government. From the perspective of the relationship between the public and the enterprise, the public is only the consumers in the relationship between the public and the enterprises that provide private goods. In the relationship between the public and the government providing the public goods, is the public both the consumer and the government? “shareholder”. It is because of this dual status that the game of the public government is totally different from the game of the public and the enterprise.