目的探讨高压氧对减压病小鼠脑组织IL-1β和IL-10含量的影响。方法小鼠随机分为对照组、减压病组和高压氧组。减压病组和高压氧组小鼠经600kPa压缩空气暴露后,用1min快速减压至常压。高压氧组小鼠在快速减压1h后接受高压氧处理。用酶联免疫吸附法检测减压病组和高压氧组小鼠在快速减压6h后以及对照组小鼠脑组织IL-1β和IL-10含量。结果减压病组小鼠脑组织IL-1β含量显著高于对照组(P<0.01);高压氧组小鼠脑组织IL-1β含量显著低于减压病组(P<0.05)。对照组、减压病组和高压氧组之间小鼠脑组织IL-10含量无显著性差异(均P>0.05)。结论减压病早期小鼠脑组织存在促炎细胞因子和抗炎细胞因子之间的失衡,高压氧可有效降低促炎细胞因子水平,可能有助于减轻快速减压后继发性脑损伤。 Objective To investigate the effects of hyperbaric oxygen on the levels of IL-1β and IL-10 in brain tissue of mice with decompression sickness. Methods Mice were randomly divided into control group, decompression sickness group and hyperbaric oxygen group. After decompression sickness and hyperbaric oxygen groups were exposed to 600kPa compressed air, the mice were rapidly decompressed to normal pressure in 1min. The hyperbaric oxygen mice were subjected to hyperbaric oxygen treatment after rapid decompression for 1 hour. The contents of IL-1β and IL-10 in the brain tissues of mice in decompression sickness and hyperbaric oxygen groups were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay immediately after 6h decompression and in control group. Results The content of IL-1β in brain tissue of mice with decompression sickness was significantly higher than that of the control group (P <0.01). The content of IL-1β in brain tissue of hyperbaric oxygen mice was significantly lower than that of decompression sickness group (P <0.05). There was no significant difference in the content of IL-10 in the control group, decompression sickness group and hyperbaric oxygen group (all P> 0.05). Conclusions There is an imbalance between proinflammatory cytokines and anti-inflammatory cytokines in brain of early-stage decompression sickness. Hyperbaric oxygen can effectively reduce the level of proinflammatory cytokines and may help to reduce secondary brain injury after rapid decompression.