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目的:探讨额叶癫癎的临床与脑电图(EEG)特征。方法:对临床确诊为额叶癫痫24例的临床表现结合发作期、发作间期的EEG进行分析。结果:最常见的因素有明确病因者18例,包括头部外伤、颅内感染、脑血管病、脑肿瘤等。24例额叶癫癎患者EEG 23例(96%)共监测到45次发作,以睡眠中发作为多见,其特点是发作频繁,持续时间短。临床表现以局灶性运动发作和不对称强直发作为主。EEG表现为以额区为主的痫样放电,睡眠中阳性率高。发作间歇期12例见癎样放电,9例为阵发慢波,3例未见异常波。结论:额叶癫癎是一组临床表现复杂多样,具有特征性的癫癎综合征,正确认识临床特征和EEG特点是明确诊断的关键。
Objective: To investigate the clinical and electroencephalographic (EEG) features of frontal lobe epilepsy. Methods: The clinical manifestations of 24 patients with clinically diagnosed frontal lobe epilepsy were analyzed in combination with the EEG during the onset and intermission. Results: The most common factors were 18 cases of clear causes, including head trauma, intracranial infection, cerebrovascular disease, brain tumors and so on. A total of 45 episodes of EEG were detected in 24 patients with frontal lobe epilepsy (96%). Epilepsy was more common in sleep onset and was characterized by frequent seizures and short duration. Clinical manifestations of focal motor attacks and asymmetric tonic-based. EEG showed epileptiform discharges mainly in frontal area, with high positive rate during sleep. Intermittent episodes of 12 cases see 癎 like discharge, 9 cases of paroxysmal slow wave, no abnormal wave in 3 cases. Conclusion: Frontal lobe epilepsy is a group of complex and diverse clinical manifestations of epilepsy syndrome. To correctly understand the clinical features and EEG features is the key to confirm the diagnosis.