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目的通过了解深圳市坪山新区工业企业职业病危害现状,为职业病防治策略提供依据。方法对坪山新区职业病危害项目申报资料、检测资料进行计算机录入、统计及χ2检验。结果 2011—2012年已申报存在职业病危害项目的生产企业有859家,主要集中在小、微型企业,接触职业病危害因素的劳动者所占的比例较高的行业分别是工艺品制造业、家具制造业、印刷业,主要的职业病危害因素有噪声、粉尘、甲苯等。通过对84家企业职业病危害因素检测报告进行分析,物理因素的超标率为40.00%,化学因素为6.50%,二者比较,差异有统计学意义(χ2=267.79,P<0.01);粉尘超标率为38.10%,与化学因素比较,差异有统计学意义(χ2=185.20,P<0.01)。结论根据该辖区企业职业病危害项目申报和调查情况,应针对工艺品制造业、家具制造业、印刷业,特别是小、微型企业,加强职业病防治工作,而噪声与粉尘是职业病防治的重点危害因素。
Objective To understand the status quo of occupational hazards in industrial enterprises in Pingshan New District of Shenzhen and provide basis for prevention and control of occupational diseases. Methods The application data and the test data of occupational hazards in Pingshan New Area were collected by computer, statistics and χ2 test. Results There were 859 manufacturing enterprises that reported occupational hazards in 2011-2012, mainly in small and micro-enterprises. The proportion of workers with exposure to occupational hazards was higher in handicraft manufacturing and furniture manufacturing , Printing industry, the main occupational hazards are noise, dust, toluene and so on. Through the analysis of 84 enterprise occupational hazards detection reports, the exceeding rate of physical factors was 40.00% and the chemical factor was 6.50%, the difference was statistically significant (χ2 = 267.79, P <0.01) Was 38.10%, with the chemical factors, the difference was statistically significant (χ2 = 185.20, P <0.01). Conclusion According to the declaration and investigation of occupational hazards in enterprises in this area, prevention and control of occupational diseases should be strengthened for handicrafts manufacturing, furniture manufacturing, printing, especially for small and micro enterprises, while noise and dust are the key hazard factors for occupational disease prevention and control.