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(一)化学传递学说的基本概念: 左旋多巴(L-DOPA;下简称多巴)治疗震颤麻痹症(巴金森氏病)是化学传递理论研究指导实践的一个很突出的例子。按照化学传递学说,神经细胞之间的联系是通过化学物质来实现的。神经细胞之间的衔接处称突触(Synapse),它可分为三部分:即突触前部分和突触后膜以及它们之间宽约150～200埃的突触间隙。已经证明,信号从同一神经细胞的一端传到另一端是靠电的,但从一个神经细胞传向另一个神经细胞则需要一种化学物质来作媒介,这种物质称为介质(图1)。它们由突触前末梢释放出来,经过突触间隙作用到另一个神经细胞突触后膜上的受体,最后导致突触后膜离子通透性的变化,产生兴奋或抑制。释放乙酰胆碱的神经称为胆
(A) The basic concept of chemical transmission theory: Levodopa (L-DOPA; hereinafter referred to as dopa) Treatment of parkinsonism (Parkinson’s disease) is a guiding principle of chemical transmission theory to practice a very prominent example. According to the theory of chemical delivery, the connection between nerve cells is achieved through chemical substances. The synapse between nerve cells is called Synapse, which can be divided into three parts: the pre-synaptic part and the postsynaptic membrane and the synaptic cleft with a width of about 150-200 angstroms between them. It has been shown that signals propagate from one end of the same nerve cell to the other by electricity, but passing from one nerve cell to another requires a chemical substance as a medium (Figure 1) . They are released from the presynaptic terminals, through the synaptic gap to another nerve cell receptors on the postsynaptic membrane, and finally lead to changes in post-synaptic membrane ion permeability, resulting in excitement or inhibition. The nerve that releases acetylcholine is called gall