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目的:了解常州市2010年出生缺陷发生情况以及城市功能区出生缺陷状况,探讨常州市出生缺陷发生的相关因素。方法:收集2010年常州市所有接产医院产科分娩的出生缺陷儿,并根据城市功能划分为中心城区、工业区、农村3个区域,将城市不同功能区的围产儿出生缺陷情况进行对比。结果:2010年围产儿共39 399例,出生缺陷发生率5.10‰,出生缺陷发生率和出生缺陷前三位顺位与2007～2009年基本一致,全市平均出生缺陷发生率为5.10‰,其中工业区出生缺陷率为9.13‰,中心城区出生缺陷率为4.60‰,农业区为3.24‰,工业区出生缺陷率显著高于全市平均水平。在发生出生缺陷的人群中,工业区组在流动人口、孕期吸烟或被动吸烟、孕期一方饮酒、从事高风险职业等指标均高于正常对照组;而婚前产检率、孕期定期检查率等指标均低于正常对照组。结论:应继续加强婚检与孕前保健工作,提高流动人口的生育健康管理工作,加强出生缺陷产前检出率,降低出生缺陷发生率。
Objective: To understand the birth defects in Changzhou in 2010 as well as the status of birth defects in urban functional areas, and to explore the related factors of birth defects in Changzhou. Methods: The birth defects of obstetrics and gynecology workers in all the obstetrics and gynecology hospitals in Changzhou were collected in 2010 and divided into three districts: central urban area, industrial area and rural area according to urban functions, and the birth defects of perinatal children in different functional areas of cities were compared. Results: There were 39 399 cases of perinatal births and the incidence of birth defects was 5.10 ‰ in 2010. The birth defects and the first three birth defects were basically consistent with those from 2007 to 2009. The average incidence of birth defects in the city was 5.10 ‰, The birth defect rate was 9.13 ‰, the birth defect rate was 4.60 ‰ in downtown area and 3.24 ‰ in agricultural area. The birth defect rate in industrial area was significantly higher than the average level of the city. Among the population with birth defects, the indexes of floating population, smoking during pregnancy or passive smoking during pregnancy, alcohol consumption during pregnancy, high-risk occupations and other indicators were all higher in industrial groups than in normal control group; while the pre-marital parity, Lower than the normal control group. Conclusion: It is necessary to continue to strengthen pre-pregnancy and pre-pregnancy health care work, improve the reproductive health management of floating population, strengthen prenatal detection of birth defects and reduce the incidence of birth defects.