脑卒中是一多危险因素疾病,有可以干预的危险因素,已得到认可的因素有:高血压、心脏病、糖尿病、短暂性缺血性发作、高胆固醇、高血脂症、吸烟和饮酒。近来得到重视的因素有肥胖、生活习惯、感染、妊娠、避孕药、血液流变学。不可干预的危险因素有:年龄、性别、职业、气候因素、生活环境、家族史与遗传、地理分布和种族,而高同型半胱氨酸血症与血液病的作用也引起学术界的注意。随着社会的进步,生活节奏的加快,心理因素在脑卒中事件中扮演了越来越重要的角色,心理社会因素与脑血管疾病的发生、发展的关系越来越受到关注。这方面的研究相关因素有抑郁、下丘脑-垂体-甲状腺、A型性格、心理应激状况与空气污染等。 Stroke is a multi-risk disease that can be interfered with. Risk factors such as hypertension, heart disease, diabetes mellitus, transient ischemic attack, hypercholesterolemia, hyperlipidemia, smoking and alcohol consumption have been recognized. Recently, the most important factors are obesity, lifestyle, infection, pregnancy, contraceptives and hemorheology. Among the risk factors that can not be interfered are age, sex, occupation, climatic factors, living environment, family history and heredity, geographical distribution and race. The homocysteinemia and hematological diseases also attract the academic attention. With the progress of society and the accelerating pace of life, psychological factors play an increasingly important role in stroke events. The relationship between psychosocial factors and the occurrence and development of cerebrovascular diseases has drawn more and more attention. Relevant factors in this area are depression, hypothalamus - pituitary - thyroid, type A personality, psychological stress and air pollution.