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1977年11月美国首次准许应用多价肺炎球菌疫苗。除少数外,在成人已证明有效,但有关小儿疫苗效果的资料仍很有限。最近已有疫苗失败的报告,说明某些经免疫的小儿或成人仍可能没有得到完全保护。本文复习肺炎球菌疫苗的现状,并着重讨论疫苗对威胁生命的肺炎球菌感染极为敏感的小儿的用途。已获准的这种疫苗含有14种血清型的肺炎球菌多糖抗原。虽然肺炎球菌的血清型达80多种,但据研究,疫苗中的14种抗原能担负80～
November 1977 The United States for the first time allowed the application of multivalent pneumococcal vaccines. With a few exceptions, it has proven effective in adults, but information on the effectiveness of pediatric vaccines is still limited. Recent reports of vaccine failure indicate that some immunized children or adults may still not be fully protected. This article reviews the status of the pneumococcal vaccine and highlights the use of the vaccine in children who are extremely susceptible to life-threatening pneumococcal infections. The vaccine has been approved contains 14 serotypes of pneumococcal polysaccharide antigen. Although pneumococcal serotypes of more than 80 kinds, but according to the study, the vaccine in 14 kinds of antigens can afford 80 ~