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植被干扰的消除对于应用ＴＭ图象进行蚀变信息提取是非常重要的。本文从矿物、岩石和植被在ＴＭ波段内的波谱响应分析入手，选择了ＴＭ５和ＴＭ１，ＴＭ５和ＴＭ７，ＴＭ４和ＴＭ３这三个组合分别来增强含铁矿物（主要是铁氧化物）、含羟基矿物和碳酸盐矿物及植被信息。通过对比值、比值合成以及主成分分析等方法的比较，提出了一种适合于中等植被覆盖区蚀变信息提取的新方法，即基于主成分分析的植被掩模和模式滤波相结合的方法。此方法在试验区进行蚀变信息提取中取得良好效果，它不仅识别出了与地表金矿化区一致的蚀变矿物富集区，而且对于土石矿区的一些矿脉也有较好反映。
Elimination of vegetation disturbances is very important for extracting alteration information from TM images. In this paper, we start with the spectral response analysis of minerals, rocks and vegetation in the TM band. Three combinations of TM5, TM1, TM5 and TM7, TM4 and TM3 are selected to enhance the content of iron-bearing minerals (mainly iron oxides) Hydroxy minerals and carbonate minerals and vegetation information. A new method of extracting alteration information from the vegetation cover of middle vegetation area is proposed based on comparison of ratio, ratio composition and principal component analysis, which is a combination of vegetation mask and pattern filtering based on principal component analysis. This method has achieved good results in alteration information extraction in the experimental area. It not only identifies altered mineral enrichment areas consistent with the surface gold mineralization areas, but also reflects some of the veins in the soil rock mining area.