以 SD大鼠为实验对象 ,从其骨髓分离出骨髓基质细胞 (BMSC) ,利用 L IF、b FGF、RA等增殖及分化诱导因子和神经干细胞培养液进行培养、分化诱导 ,观察 SD大鼠骨髓基质细胞体外培养的生长行为及扩增、分化情况。我们观察到 ,分离得到的骨髓基质细胞在体外培养中能形成细胞克隆团 ,这些具有克隆能力的骨髓基质细胞经传代后 ,其数量明显多于原代培养 ;BMSC经持续培养具有增殖能力以及分化为组织细胞的潜能 ,其分化细胞形态多样 ,包括胶质细胞样细胞和神经元样细胞。实验结果证明 ,骨髓基质细胞具有较强的自我更新的能力和多分化能力 ,也说明本实验所采用的细胞培养方法适用于骨髓基质细胞的体外生存与扩增。骨髓基质细胞较容易取材、体外培养和扩增 ,并具有多向分化潜能 ,在合适的诱导分化条件下 ,可分化出神经细胞 (神经元和神经胶质细胞 ) ,是理想的种子细胞 BMSCs were isolated from bone marrow of SD rats and cultured with proliferation and differentiation inducing factors such as L IF, b FGF, RA and neural stem cell culture medium. Differentiation of bone marrow stromal cells Growth behavior of stromal cells cultured in vitro and their amplification and differentiation. We observed that the isolated bone marrow stromal cells can form cell clones in vitro culture. The number of these cells with clonal ability after passaged was significantly more than that of the primary culture. The proliferation of BMSCs after culturing with proliferation and differentiation For the potential of tissue cells, the differentiated cells are diverse in morphology, including glial-like cells and neuron-like cells. Experimental results show that bone marrow stromal cells have a strong ability of self-renewal and multi-differentiation, also shows that the cell culture method used in this study is suitable for bone marrow stromal cells in vitro survival and expansion. Bone marrow stromal cells are easier to be taken, cultured and expanded in vitro, and have the potential of multi-directional differentiation. Under appropriate conditions of differentiation, they can differentiate into neurons (neurons and glial cells) and are ideal seed cells