胰岛移植中排斥反应和移植后复发自身免疫性β细胞破坏降低了移植的成功率,诱导免疫耐受是解决上述难题的有效手段。目前诱导免疫耐受的方法主要有胸腺内注射供体抗原、诱导混合嵌合状态、阻断T细胞共刺激途径以及对抗原呈递细胞的修饰等。这些方法在同种、异种胰岛移植的啮齿类动物、大动物及非人类灵长类动物模型中取得了一定的成果。 Rejection in islet transplantation and the recurrence of autoimmune β-cell damage after transplantation reduce the success rate of transplantation and induce immune tolerance is an effective means to solve the above problems. At present, the methods of inducing immune tolerance mainly include injecting the donor antigen into the thymus, inducing mixed chimerism, blocking the T cell costimulation pathway and modifying the antigen-presenting cells. These methods have achieved some results in rodents, large animals and non-human primate models of allogeneic xenotransplantation.