根据已知的金葡菌核酸酶（ＮＵＣ）基因序列设计的一对引物，采用聚合酶链反应（ＰＣＲ）技术，检测临床标本１２７例，并与常规的分离培养、涂片鉴定进行了相关性研究。结果表明，此方法对金葡菌具有高度特异性，而与其它葡萄球菌珠、６株临床普通分离菌株无交叉反应。检测灵敏度可达０８６ｐｇ（相当于２５ＣＦＵ）。血样本：ＰＣＲ阳性率２９５７％（３４／１１５）、培养阳性率１１３０％（１３／１１５）；体液样本：ＰＣＲ阳性率３３３３％（４／１２）、涂片阳性率８３３％（１／１２）。故ＰＣＲ技术可作为检测儿童金葡菌感染的一种快速诊断方法，且不受临床用药的影响，值得推广应用。 A pair of primers designed according to the known sequence of S. aureus nuclease (NUC) was used to detect 127 clinical samples by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and was correlated with routine isolation and identification of smears the study. The results showed that this method has a high specificity for Staphylococcus aureus, but no cross reaction with other Staphylococcus aureus beads and 6 clinical isolates. Detection sensitivity of up to 0  86pg (equivalent to 25CFU). Blood samples: The positive rate of PCR was 2957% (34/115), the positive rate of culture was 1130% (13/115); The positive rate of PCR was 3333% (4/12), the positive rate of smear  33% (1/12). Therefore, PCR technology can be used as a rapid detection of S. aureus infection in children, and is not affected by clinical medication, it is worth to promote the application.