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学术界相当普遍地认为,希腊自古以来就是西方。这种观点的具体含义是:西方特别是希腊,自古以来就与东方特别是中国不同,各自走着不同的道路;东方∕中国和西方∕希腊是世界上两种本性不同的民族,而且这种不同的本性将永远保持下去;惟其如此,才构成丰富多彩而又相互取长补短、相得益彰的多元世界。该文认为,上述观点是错误的。西方,包括希腊,并非自古以来就是西方。即便是希腊,在远古时代,在文化上也完全是东方性的。希腊文化中的西方性是在历史演化中产生的。该文对希腊在文化转型中理性主义、个人主义、自由思想以及民主政治的产生过程进行考察。
It is quite common in academia that Greece has been the West since ancient times. The concrete meaning of this view is that the West, especially Greece, has been on a different path from the East, especially China, since ancient times; the East / China and the West / Greece are two different nations of the world, and this The different nature will remain forever; however, it will constitute a pluralistic world of richness and complementarity that complement and complement each other. The article believes that the above point of view is wrong. The West, including Greece, is not the West since ancient times. Even Greece, in ancient times, was culturally entirely Eastern. Western culture in Greek culture is generated in the evolution of history. This article examines the process of the emergence of rationalism, individualism, liberal thought and democracy in the process of cultural transformation in Greece.