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目的 评价原发气管癌放射治疗的意义及加腔内放射治疗后能否提高肿瘤局部控制率。方法 原发气管癌２３ 例，其中单纯放射治疗１３ 例，术后复发或残留行放射治疗１０ 例。结果 （１） 全组１ ，５ ，１０ 年生存率分别为６５ ．２ ％ ，２６ ．１ ％ ，５ ．９ ％ ，中位生存时间为２５ 个月。术后复发或肿瘤残留再放射治疗与单纯放射治疗的中位生存时间分别为５２ 个月与２３ 个月。根治放射治疗组与姑息放射治疗组的１ ，３ ，５ 年生存率分别为７６ ．９ ％ ，４６ ．２ ％ ，４６ ．２ ％ 与３０ ．０ ％ ，２０ ．０ ％ ，１０ ．０ ％ 。肿瘤局部控制率为３０ ．４ ％ （７／２３） ，其中单纯外照射１ 例，加腔内放射治疗４ 例，术后＋ 放射治疗２ 例。（２） 病理类型对生存率无明显影响。（３） 第１ 程放射治疗后局部未控复发再放射治疗７ 例，未治７ 例，其１ ，３ ，５年生存情况前者分别为６／７ ，３／７ ，１／７ ，后者１ 年为２／７ ，无２ 年以上生存者。结论 （１） 对不能手术、术后复发或肿瘤残留的患者，放射治疗是主要的、有效的治疗手段之一。（２） 加用腔内放射治疗可提高肿瘤局部控制率。（３） 复发后再程放射治疗仍可缓解症状延长部分患者寿命。
Objective To evaluate the significance of radiotherapy for primary tracheal cancer and whether it can increase the local control rate after intracavitary radiotherapy. Methods Thirty-three cases of primary tracheal cancer were treated with radiotherapy alone. There were 10 cases with postoperative recurrence or residual radiotherapy. Results (1) The 1-, 5-, and 10-year survival rates of the whole group were 65. 2%, 26 . 1 % ,5 . 9 %, the median survival time was 25 months. The median survival time of postoperative recurrence or residual radiotherapy and radiotherapy alone was 52 months and 23 months, respectively. The 1-, 3-, and 5-year survival rates of the radical radiotherapy and palliative radiotherapy groups were 76. 9 %, 46. 2%, 46. 2% and 30. 0 % ,20 . 0 %, 10 . 0 %. The local control rate of tumor was 30. 4 % (7/23) of which 1 was external exposure alone, 4 were treated with intracavity radiotherapy, and 2 were postoperative + radiation therapy. (2) The pathological type has no significant effect on the survival rate. (3) There were 7 cases of uncontrolled recurrence and reradiation after 1st course of radiation therapy and 7 cases without treatment. The 1 , 3 and 5 year survival conditions were 6/7, 3/7, 1/7, respectively. 1 year is 2/7, no survivors of 2 years or more. Conclusions (1) Radiotherapy is one of the main and effective treatments for patients who cannot undergo surgery, postoperative recurrence, or residual tumor. (2) Adding endoluminal therapy can increase the local control rate of the tumor. (3) The recurrence of recurrent radiotherapy can still relieve the life span of patients with symptoms.