扩张型心肌病是一侧或双侧心腔扩大、心肌收缩功能障碍为主要特征的心肌疾病。其发病机制可能与病毒感染、免疫反应以及遗传因素有关。近年来研究发现心脏钠通道基因突变可导致扩张型心肌病。因此,现重点从心肌细胞离子通道的角度来论述扩张型心肌病的发病机制,探讨其治疗的新靶点。 Dilated cardiomyopathy is one or both of the expansion of the heart chamber, myocardial systolic dysfunction as the main characteristic of myocardial disease. Its pathogenesis may be related to virus infection, immune response and genetic factors. In recent years, studies have found that cardiac sodium channel gene mutations can lead to dilated cardiomyopathy. Therefore, it is important to discuss the pathogenesis of dilated cardiomyopathy from the perspective of myocardial cell ion channels and to explore new targets for its treatment.