我国是一个水资源短缺,水旱灾害频发的国家,自古以来开发水利、减轻水害都是治国安邦的大事。各种描述河流、湖泊的文献成为中华民族文化宝库中的重要典藏。公元6世纪北魏郦道元撰写的《水经注》是这方面的突出代表,它以《水经》所记水道为纲,内容包括自然地理、人文地理、山川胜景、历史沿革、风俗习惯、人物掌故、神话故事等,是我国6世纪的一部地理百科全书,也是千余年来人们了解当时水资源、水环境及其开发利用状况的最主要依据。由于历史的原因,1000多年来虽然有不少描述河湖的文献,但在内容的广度、深度、描述的生动翔实上都与《水经 Our country is a country with a shortage of water resources and frequent floods and droughts. Since ancient times, developing water conservancy and reducing water damage have all been major tasks in our country. A variety of literature describing rivers and lakes has become an important collection of treasures in the Chinese nation. The water meridian note, written by the Northern Wei emperor Tao Yuan in the 6th century, is the outstanding representative in this field. It takes the water course recorded by “Water Sutra” as the key link, including natural geography, human geography, mountain scenery, historical evolution, customs, Aphorisms, myths and stories, is a geographical encyclopedia in the 6th century in our country. It is also the most important basis for more than a thousand years of people’s understanding of water resources, water environment and their development and utilization. Due to historical reasons, although there are a lot of literature describing rivers and lakes in the past 1000 years, the breadth and depth of the content and vivid descriptions are all consistent with "