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文化是历史凝结成的、相对稳定的生存方式,它往往以文化模式的方式存在。文化模式不是一成不变的,特定时代或特定民族或群体所习以为常地赖以生存的主导性文化模式为另一种新的主导性文化模式所取代,这就发生了文化转型。中国几千年来的农业文明培育了农业文化,自发的遵循经验、常识、习俗、天然情感等自在的文化因素是典型的经验主义文化模式。中国传统文化经历了洋务运动、戊戌变法、辛亥革命和新文化运动之后,并没有实现现代转型,其根本原因在于中国传统文化内在形成了一种超稳定结构,存在对自在文化的认同,而缺乏对它的批判维度。现代化建设需要与此相适应的理性主义文化模式,只有培育理性主义的文化精神,培育现代文化主体,中国传统文化才能实现现代化转型。
Culture is a condensed and relatively stable mode of existence, which often exists in a cultural mode. The cultural model is not immutable. Cultural change has taken place in a particular era or when the dominant cultural model that a particular nation or group commonly lives on is replaced by another new dominant cultural model. Agricultural civilization in China has cultivated agricultural culture for thousands of years. The spontaneous cultural factors such as spontaneous follow-up experience, common sense, custom and natural emotion are typical empirical cultural patterns. After going through the Westernization Movement, the Reform Movement of 1898, the Revolution of 1911 and the New Culture Movement, Chinese traditional culture did not realize the transformation of the modern era. The fundamental reason is that the traditional culture of China has formed an ultra-stable structure and there is a lack of recognition of a free culture The critical dimension of it. Modernization needs a rationalistic cultural model that is compatible with this. Only by cultivating the rationalist cultural spirit and cultivating modern cultural subjects can Chinese traditional culture realize the transformation of modernization.