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目的：探讨基于循证医学的以问题为基础学习（problem-based learning，PBL）教学方法在骨科学专业研究生临床教学中的应用。方法选择2014年1月1日至12月31日期间在解放军总医院第一附属医院实习的骨科学专业60名研究生为研究对象，将其随机分为对照组和实验组，每组各30人。实验组采用基于循证医学的 PBL 教学方法，对照组采用 PBL 教学方法，教学结束后对两组教学效果进行主客观评估。结果实验组学生理论知识和实践能力考核总分为（92．5±5．61）分，高于对照组学生的（85．4±8．52）分，P ＜0．05，差异具有统计学意义。问卷调查结果显示，基于循证医学的 PBL 教学方法，有助于提高学生综合分析能力、自学能力、信息获取能力、分析解决问题能力和文献资料检索及分析的能力。结论在骨科学专业研究生临床教学中采用基于循证医学的 PBL 教学方法具有可行性，有助于提高学生运用医学研究证据的能力，值得推广应用。“,”Objective To investigate the application of PBL teaching model based on evidence-based medicine in graduate’s orthopedics teaching.Methods 110 graduate students from Jan.1,2014 to Dec.1,2014 were randomly divided into two groups (control group and the experimental group).The control group received PBL teaching model,the experimental group received PBL teaching model based EBM.At the end of the teaching the subjective and objective assessment of the teaching effects were ad-ministrated.Results The total score including theoretical knowledge and clinical practice of experimental group was 92.5 ±5.61 points,significantly higher than 85.4 ±8.52 of the control group (P <0.05);The survey shows that the accepted teaching model,helps students to improve the comprehensive analysis abili-ty,learning ability,information accessing ability,problem analysis and solving ability and literature re-trieval ability,and they had statistically difference (all P <0.05)with that of the control groap.Conclu-sions The PBL teaching model based on evidence-based medicine is feasible and effective in clinical teaching of orthopedics,which can improve the ability of the students to use medical evidence,to analyze medical problem and obtain medical information.