产业政策是为了弥补市场机制所可能造成的失误，而由政府采取的一些对各产业发展支持或限制的经济政策。如日本经济学小宫隆太郎说；“产业政策（狭义的）的中心课题，就是针对在资源方面出现的市场失败采取对策。可以将产业政策的中心部分理解为，在价格机制下，针时资源分配 Industrial policies are designed to make up for the possible mistakes made by the market mechanism and some of the economic policies adopted by the government that support or limit the development of various industries. For example, Ryoji Kotaro of Japan’s Economics said: "The central issue of industrial policy (in a narrow sense) is to take countermeasures against the market failures in terms of resources. The central part of industrial policy can be understood as the mechanism under which price- distribution