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目的 比较研究中国汉族人群ＨＬＡＢ４０ 交叉反应组血清学分型与高分辨度ＤＮＡ 分型结果。方法研究样本１９９ 份，包括血清学分型Ｂ４０ 组阳性样本１７７ 份、可疑阳性１２ 份和阴性对照１０ 份。同时对血清学分型和高分辨度顺序特异引物聚合酶链反应（ＰＣＲＳＳＰ） ＤＮＡ 分型进行比较。结果 ＤＮＡ分型成功率９９ ．５ ％ ，总耗时５ 小时，特异性和敏感性好，可准确分辨出Ｂ４０ 组１０ 个等位基因。血清学分型成功率９９ ．４ ％ ，总耗时２ 小时，总误差２０ 个，误差率１１ ．２ ％ 。检出中国汉族人群Ｂ４０ 组各等位基因所占比例：Ｂ６０ 为６７ ．４ ％ 、Ｂ６１ 为２０ ．８ ％ 、Ｂ４８０１ 为９ ．６ ％ 、Ｂ４００５ 为２ ．２ ％ 。结论 高分辨度ＰＣＲＳＳＰ 方法用于ＨＬＡＢ４０ 组分型比血清学分型更加精确，适合于临床应用。
Objective To compare the serological typing and high-resolution DNA typing of HLAB40 cross-reactivity in Chinese Han population. Methods A total of 199 samples were studied including 177 positive samples of serogroup B40, 12 suspicious positives and 10 negative samples. At the same time, serological typing and high-resolution sequence-specific primer polymerase chain reaction (PCRSSP) DNA typing were compared. Results DNA typing success rate of 99. 5%, total time of 5 hours, specificity and sensitivity, can be accurately identified B40 group of 10 alleles. Serological typing success rate 99. 4%, total time consuming 2 hours, total error 20, error rate 11. 2%. The proportion of each allele in B40 Chinese Han population was detected: B60 was 67. 4%, B61 is 20. 8%, B4801 is 9. 6%, B4005 is 2. 2%. Conclusion High-resolution PCR SP method for HLA B40 component type more accurate than the serological type, suitable for clinical applications.