近几年来,由于编码在某些信道上的费用逐渐合理,所以其应用也取得了迅速的发展。采用软判决维特比(Viterbi)译码的卷积码已成为一项标准的技术,并且它非常适用于通信卫星信道。本文讨论了译码器的构成,并介绍了一些实例;还着重讨论了编码性能,同时给出了一些实际编码增益超过理论,即基本编码增益的实例。本文还指出了某些有希望的发展方向。 In recent years, as the cost of encoding on some channels has gradually become reasonable, its application has also made rapid development. Convolutional codes using soft-decision Viterbi decoding have become a standard technique and are well suited for communication satellite channels. This paper discusses the structure of the decoder, and introduces some examples; also discusses the coding performance, and gives some examples of the actual coding gain over the theory, that is, the basic coding gain. This article also points out some promising directions for development.