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目的研究怀远县人群钩端螺旋体感染及宿主动物带菌情况,为控制该病提供依据。方法采用血清学、病原学、流行病学方法对钩体病进行监测。结果自然人群感染率流行季节高于非流行季节(9.00∶0.96),均为黄疸出血群。宿主动物鼠种构成较以往发生明显改变,黑线姬鼠占84.02%,鼠密度秋季高于春季(10.54∶8.63),鼠带菌率秋季高于春季(24.53∶4.54),感染菌群与人一致。结论怀远县钩体病流行菌群由1970年代波摩那群更迭为黄疸出血群[1]。主要带菌宿主动物由猪改变为黑线姬鼠,鼠感染菌群更迭与人感染情况吻合。今后应加强宿主动物调查和人群钩体病疫情调查研究,掌握流行动态,及时采用有效的防治对策,防止黄疸出血群钩体病暴发流行。
Objective To study the population of Leptospira in Huiyuan population and the host animals, so as to provide basis for controlling the disease. Methods Serological, etiological and epidemiological methods were used to monitor leptospirosis. Results The infection rate of natural population was higher than that of non-epidemic season (9.00: 0.96), all of which were jaundice bleeding. The species composition of host animals changed obviously from the past, Apodemus agrarius accounted for 84.02%, the density of rats in autumn was higher than that in spring (10.54: 8.63), the rate of infection in mice was higher in spring than in spring (24.53: 4.54) . Conclusions The prevalence of leptospirosis in Huaiyuan county changed from that in the 1950s to that of jaundice [1]. The main carrier host animals changed from pigs to Apodemus agrarius, mouse infection flora changes consistent with human infection. In the future, investigation of host animals and investigation of the population leptospirosis should be strengthened to grasp the epidemic trend and promptly adopt effective prevention and control measures to prevent the outbreak of leptospirosis.