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目的分析江西省星子县居民血吸虫感染的危险因素。方法 2013年采用整群抽样的方法从江西省星子县血吸虫病流行区随机抽取6个行政村进行调查,并采用Kato-Katz法对这6个村≥5岁的全部常住居民进行病原学检查;应用单因素χ~2检验和多因素Logistic回归模型对影响血吸虫病流行的相关危险因素进行分析。结果 2013年共粪检调查2 050人,查出粪检阳性146人,血吸虫感染率为7.1%。单因素χ~2检验显示,不同性别、年龄、文化程度、职业人群血吸虫感染率差异均有统计学意义(χ~2=26.485、16.836、25.700、90.805,P均<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,男性感染血吸虫的风险是女性的3.041倍;小学及以下文化程度人群血吸虫感染风险是大专及以上文化程度人群的8.870倍;初中和高中文化程度人群感染血吸虫的风险分别是大专及以上文化程度人群的5.598倍和2.995倍;渔民血吸虫感染的可能性最高,是其他职业的3.053倍。结论影响星子县居民血吸虫感染的危险因素主要包括性别、职业和文化程度;应强化血吸虫病健康教育,加强疫水接触防护工作,减少血吸虫感染发生。
Objective To analyze the risk factors of schistosomiasis infection in Xingzi County, Jiangxi Province. Methods A total of 6 administrative villages were randomly selected from the endemic areas of schistosomiasis in Xingzi County, Jiangxi Province in 2013 by cluster sampling method. The Kato-Katz method was used to conduct etiological examination of all permanent residents ≥5 years old in these 6 villages. Univariate χ ~ 2 test and multivariate logistic regression model were used to analyze the related risk factors affecting the prevalence of schistosomiasis. Results In 2013, a total of 2 050 people were investigated for fecal examination. 146 were positive for manure and 7.1% were for schistosomiasis. The single factor χ ~ 2 test showed that there were significant differences in infection rates of schistosomiasis among different sexes, ages, educational levels and occupational groups (χ ~ 2 = 26.485,16.836,25.700,90.805, P <0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the risk of schistosomiasis infection in men was 3.041 times that of women; the risk of schistosomiasis infection was 8.870 times higher in those with educational level of primary education and below than that in education of junior college and above; the risk of schistosomiasis infection in junior high school and high school education were 5.598 times and 2.995 times higher than the population with tertiary education or above. The highest probability of fisherman infection is schistosomiasis, which is 3.053 times that of other occupations. Conclusions The risk factors affecting schistosomiasis infection in Xingzi County mainly include gender, occupation and education level. Health education should be strengthened for schistosomiasis, and the protection of water contact should be strengthened so as to reduce the occurrence of schistosomiasis.