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减少贫困已被纳入了所有的发展议程中,但贫困问题的复杂性常常被过于简单的评估指标和发展目标所掩盖。本本文仔细分析“剥夺(deprivation)”和“脆弱(vulnerability)”两个概念作为贫困产生的结果。剥夺主要导致社会排斥和边缘化;这些团体在通过“自助”来摆脱贫困时显得尤其软弱,而经济增长也没有能点滴地惠泽他们。当审视贫困减少与经济增长之间的联系时,尤其应该重点注意现代行业和传统行业之间的差异:现代行业的发展不应忽视和排斥那些依赖传统行业生存的人们。两个研究案例——柬埔寨的洞里萨湖地区和越南的湄公河三角洲——表明:在教育方面的投资、增强小规模企业的创业精神和其它微观经济环境方法,加上良好的管理、基础设施和收入分配一起,才能确保经济增长将社会上更贫困阶层的人士纳入进来。
Poverty reduction has been integrated into all development agendas, but the complexity of poverty is often overshadowed by overly simple assessment indicators and development goals. The text carefully analyzes the two concepts “deprivation” and “vulnerability” as a result of poverty. Deprivation leads mainly to social exclusion and marginalization; these groups appear to be particularly weak when they get out of poverty through “self-help”, and economic growth has not benefited them bit by bit. When looking at the link between poverty reduction and economic growth, particular attention should be given to the differences between modern and traditional industries: the development of modern industries should not neglect and exclude those who rely on the survival of traditional industries. Two case studies - the Tonle Sap Lake region in Cambodia and the Mekong Delta in Vietnam - show that investment in education, entrepreneurship in small-scale enterprises and other microeconomic environment approaches, coupled with good management and infrastructure Together with income distribution, we can ensure that economic growth includes those in the poorest sectors of society.