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[目的]为修复土壤重金属污染与提高肥料利用率提供科学依据。[方法]运用巯基改性膨土制备功能型肥料,研究其对土壤中重金属Cd、Pb污染的修复作用。[结果]盆栽试验结果显示,各功能型肥料均能够不同程度地提高农作物产量。针对土壤中不同程度的Cd污染,选择功能型钾肥或功能型氮、磷、钾肥混施,可取得较好的钝化效果;针对土壤中不同程度的Pb污染,选择功能型磷肥可取得较好的钝化效果;针对土壤中Cd/Pb复合污染,选择功能型氮、磷、钾肥混施可取得最佳的钝化效果。功能型肥料对Cd、Pb的钝化作用主要是将土壤中重金属由活性态转化为较稳定的形态。[结论]功能型肥料具有一定的肥效,能够为土壤提供养分,同时对土壤中重金属Cd、Pb污染有较好的修复效果。
[Objective] The research aimed to provide a scientific basis for repairing heavy metal pollution in soil and improving fertilizer utilization efficiency. [Method] The functional fertilizers were prepared by using sulfhydryl modified bentonite so as to study their effects on the remediation of heavy metals Cd and Pb in soil. [Result] The results of pot experiment showed that all kinds of functional fertilizers could increase crop yield to different extent. According to different degrees of soil Cd contamination, selecting functional K or functional N, P and K fertilizers can achieve better passivation effect. For different levels of Pb contamination in soil, selecting functional phosphate fertilizer can achieve better results Passivation effect; for the compound pollution of Cd / Pb in the soil, the best passivation effect can be obtained by selecting functional nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers. The passivation effect of functional fertilizers on Cd and Pb is mainly to transform the heavy metals in the soil from the active state to the more stable form. [Conclusion] The functional fertilizer had a certain effect of fertilizer, which could provide nutrients to the soil and at the same time, it had a good effect on the remediation of heavy metals Cd and Pb in soil.