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长期以来,碱性染料的利用总是和萃取—分光光度法或萃取—荧光光度法联系在一起的。从过去发表的文献和有关碱性染料分析应用的评述都是如此。虽然偶尔也有在水相中进行光度测定的报导,但并未引起人们的足够重视。人们仍习惯于按“传统”的方法去研究碱性染料的应用,有时甚至误认为碱性染料只适用于萃取—光度法或荧光法测定。其原因是碱性染料与金属络阴离子反应,形成电荷中和的大分子。它们难溶于水,而易溶于有机溶剂,因而适于萃取—光度测定,而不利于在水相中进行测定。
The use of basic dyes has long been associated with extraction-spectrophotometry or extraction-fluorimetry. The same is true of the literature published in the past and the application of basic dye analysis. Although there are occasional reports of photometry in the aqueous phase, it has not drawn enough attention. People are still accustomed to using “traditional” methods to study the use of basic dyes, and sometimes even mistakenly believe that basic dyes are only suitable for extraction - photometry or fluorescence spectrometry. The reason is that the basic dye reacts with the metal complex anions to form charge-neutralized macromolecules. They are poorly soluble in water and readily soluble in organic solvents, and are therefore suitable for extraction-photometry but not for determination in aqueous phase.