无菌性脑膜炎综合症(AMS)是由多种病因所致的常见综合征。常见病原为病毒。其定义是发热、脑膜刺激征阳性,脑脊液细胞数10～1,000个/mm~3,分类以淋巴细胞增高为主,没有明确的病原菌。以前一直没有认识到急性细菌感染可以作为AMS的一个病因。本文报告2例细菌感染引起的AMS。病例1:6岁,女孩,既往健康,突然发热,昏迷入院。入院体温39.5℃,呼之不应,呈间歇性角弓反张及两眼向左斜视,软腭、臂、胸有散在出血点。外周血白细胞总数正常,多形核白细胞为39％,30％为 Aseptic meningitis syndrome (AMS) is a common syndrome caused by a variety of etiologies. Common pathogen is a virus. The definition is fever, meningeal irritation positive, cerebrospinal fluid cell number 10 ~ 1,000 / mm ~ 3, the classification of lymphocytosis-based, there is no clear pathogens. Acute bacterial infections have not previously been recognized as a cause of AMS. This article reports 2 cases of bacterial infection caused by AMS. Case 1: 6 years old, girl, past health, sudden fever, coma hospitalization. Admission temperature 39.5 ℃, call should not, was intermittent angle arch anti-Zhang and left oblique strabismus, soft palate, arm, chest scattered in the bleeding point. The total number of peripheral white blood cells is normal, polymorphonuclear leukocytes was 39%, 30%