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1927年4月27日至5月9日,中国共产党第五次全国代表大会在武汉举行。出席大会的代表有陈独秀、瞿秋白、蔡和森、李维汉、毛泽东、张国焘、李立三等82人,代表全国57967名党员。党的五大是在蒋介石集团发动四一二反革命政变之后半个月,武汉汪精卫集团日趋反动,中国革命处于危机关头召开的。大会通过了《中国共产党第五次全国代表大会宣言》等9个重要文件。这些文件对党内右倾错误进行了比较明确和坚决的批判,明确提出无产阶级在民主革命中的领导权要努力争取才能获得;制定了农民土地政纲,第一次提出“土地革命”的口号;
From April 27 to May 9, 1927, the Fifth National Congress of the Communist Party of China was held in Wuhan. Attending the conference were 82 people including Chen Duxiu, Qu Qiubai, Cai Hesen, Li Weihan, Mao Zedong, Zhang Guodao and Li Lisan, and 57967 party members nationwide. Two weeks after the Chiang Kai-shek conspiracy was launched by the Chiang Kai-shek clique against the coup d’état that led to the coup d’état of 2112, the Wangfangwei Group in Wuhan became increasingly reactionary and the Chinese revolution was held at a crisis. The General Assembly adopted the “Declaration of the Fifth National Congress of the Communist Party of China” and other nine important documents. These documents critically and resolutely rightist mistakes made within the Party, clearly put forward the proletariat’s leadership in the democratic revolution in order to gain access to it; formulated the land administration platform for peasants and first proposed the “agrarian revolution” slogan;