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不对称分裂是干/祖细胞发育分化中的基本过程,膜相关蛋白Numb在其中发挥重要作用.Numb极性分布于细胞一侧,在干/祖细胞有丝分裂时不对等分配至两个子代细胞,使子代细胞产生不同分化命运.如一个保持在干/祖细胞状态,而另一个发育为神经元,这一过程主要通过抑制Notch信号通路发挥作用.近年在哺乳动物中的研究中发现,高强度Notch信号又能够反馈抑制Numb活性.Numb具有维持神经干/祖细胞增殖与促进分化的双重作用,Numb的命运决定作用还与Shh信号通路和p53蛋白等相关.另外,Numb参与调控细胞的粘连、迁移以及神经元轴突的分支与延长.本文主要对Numb在果蝇及哺乳动物神经干/祖细胞中的定位以及其在决定细胞命运和分化中的调控作用进行综述.
Asymmetric division is the basic process in the development of stem / progenitor cells, and the membrane-associated protein Numb plays an important role in it.Numb polarity is distributed on the cell side and is not equally distributed to two progeny cells when the stem / progenitor cells are mitotic, So that progeny cells produce different fate of differentiation, such as maintaining a stem / progenitor state, while the other developed into neurons, the process mainly through the inhibition of Notch signaling pathway play a role in recent years in mammals found that high Intensity Notch signal can feedback inhibit Numb activity.Numb has the dual role of maintaining proliferation and promoting differentiation of neural stem / progenitor cells, Numb’s fate determines the role of the Shh signaling pathway and p53 protein, etc. In addition, Numb involved in the regulation of cell adhesion , Migration and neuronal axon branching and elongation.In this paper, the localization of Numb in Drosophila and mammalian neural stem / progenitor cells and its regulatory role in determining cell fate and differentiation were reviewed.