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目的探讨小儿气管支气管软化的临床表现及纤维支气管镜的诊断作用。方法对135例常规诊治无明显好转的持续喘息及反复下呼吸道感染患儿行纤维支气管镜(纤支镜)检查,观察气管支气管腔,并对有脓性分泌物者行局部灌洗。结果 135例中诊断气管支气管软化32例,其中气管软化27例,支气管软化5例,其中合并喉软化5例,先心病7例,气管狭窄3例,气管性支气管2例,食道闭锁2例,“H”型气管食管瘘1例。结论气管支气管软化是引起小儿呼吸道感染及咳喘反复不愈的重要因素之一,对此类患儿应重视纤支镜的检查。
Objective To investigate the clinical manifestations of pediatric bronchoconstriction and the diagnostic value of bronchofibroscopy. Methods A total of 135 children with persistent wheezing and repeated lower respiratory tract infection who had no obvious improvement in routine diagnosis and treatment underwent bronchoscopy (bronchofibroscopy). The tracheal bronchial lumen was observed and local purging of the purulent secretions was performed. Results Of 135 cases, 32 cases were diagnosed as tracheobronchial softening, including 27 cases of tracheal softening, 5 cases of bronchial softening, 5 cases of laryngeal softening, 7 cases of congenital heart disease, 3 cases of tracheal stenosis, 2 cases of tracheal bronchi, 2 cases of esophageal atresia, 1 case of “H” type tracheal esophageal fistula. Conclusions Tracheal bronchial softening is one of the important factors that cause respiratory tract infection in children and repeated unhealed cough and asthma.