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目的:观察使用IUD避孕的育龄妇女中各类不同因素对IUD下移程度的影响并分析IUD发生下移的主要危险因素和降低风险的主要措施。方法:对使用IUD避孕的108例妇女采用结构式问卷进行访谈并行妇科及B超检查,测定IUD上缘到子宫底外缘的距离以>20 mm者确定为IUD下移,记录相关因素数据。结果:B超诊断15例IUD下移,下移率为13.89%,痛经、妊娠次数、上取环次数、置环后不良反应为IUD下移的危险因素;妇科炎症经有效治疗、置环后合理用药为保护性因素;后位子宫、产后哺乳期放置IUD、基层计生站放置IUD下移发生率低。结论:放置IUD术前认真询问病史、做好妇科体检、治疗痛经及妇科炎症,术后合理用药、减少不良反应,可使IUD下移的危险性降低;基层计生服务放置IUD质量较好,应重视和加强以便更好高效地为育龄妇女服务。
OBJECTIVE: To observe the influence of various factors on the downward degree of IUD in women of childbearing age who use IUD contraceptives and to analyze the main risk factors of downwards IUD and the main measures to reduce the risk. Methods: 108 women with IUD were interviewed by structured questionnaire for gynecological examination and B-ultrasound. The distance from the upper edge of the IUD to the outer edge of the uterus at> 20 mm was determined as IUD down, and related data were recorded. Results: The IUD was diagnosed by B ultrasound in 15 cases. The down-shift rate was 13.89%. The numbers of dysmenorrhea, pregnancy, the times of taking the ring and the adverse reactions after ring-setting were the risk factors for the downwards IUD. After gynecological inflammation was effectively treated, Reasonable medication for the protective factors; posterior uterus, postpartum lactation IUD placement, placement of the primary family planning station IUD low incidence of down. Conclusions: IUD preoperative carefully asked history, good gynecological examination, treatment of dysmenorrhea and gynecological inflammation, postoperative rational use of drugs, reduce adverse reactions, can reduce the risk of IUD down; IQ family planning services to better quality should be Emphasize and strengthen in order to serve women of childbearing age better and more effectively.