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在对青年马克思的法哲学思想研究中,他的市民社会理论常常被人忽视。马克思在批判黑格尔法哲学思想及其市民社会理论的基础上,提出了历史唯物主义的法哲学体系和市民社会理论。在市民社会与近代法律的关系上,马克思指出两个基本原则:市民社会决定法;市民社会通过国家制定法律。资本主义市场经济的发展和新兴资产阶级的崛起,导致近代市民社会与国家的分离,这是近代法律产生的根源。
In the study of young Marx’s philosophy of law philosophy, his civil society theory is often overlooked. On the basis of criticizing Hegel’s jurisprudence philosophy and its civil society theory, Marx put forward the historical materialism legal philosophy system and civil society theory. In the relationship between civil society and modern law, Marx pointed out two basic principles: the decision-making law of civil society; the civil society made law through the state. The development of capitalist market economy and the rise of the new bourgeoisie lead to the separation of the modern civil society and the state. This is the source of modern law.