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五加科树参属植物大多数为我国民间传统常用草药,药用历史悠久,具有祛风除湿、活血消肿的功效,被载录《中华本草》,《中药大辞典》,《全国中草药汇编》,《中国畲族医药学》等书籍中。系统查阅中国知网,万方,维普,Web of science,Sci Finder,Pubmed等国内外多个数据库,对树参属植物的化学成分与生物活性相关的内容进行了文献整理、分析及总结。结果表明,该属植物主要的化学成分为多炔类、苯丙素类、黄酮类、三萜类等化合物,具有抗炎、抗补体、抗肿瘤、杀虫、抗氧化等生物活性。此外,树参属与人参属亲缘关系密切,是具有潜在开发价值的药用植物群。然而,仅有树参Dendropanax dentiger,变叶树参D.proteus,乔木树参D.arboreus,黄漆木D.morbifera,三棱果树参D.trifidus和1个不确定种D.cf querceti进行了化学成分及生物活性研究,且与临床功效相关的研究较少。因此,亟需对树参属的化学成分及生物活性进行系统的研究,结合临床功效,阐明其药效物质基础及作用机制。本文从化学成分与生物活性两方面对国内外树参属植物研究概况进行了综述,以期为该属植物的质量控制、临床应用及合理开发提供重要的科学依据。
The plant of Gracilaria is a common herb commonly used in Chinese folk traditions and has a long history of medicinal use. It has the efficacy of expelling wind and removing dampness and promoting blood circulation and swelling. It is recorded in “Chinese Materia Medica”, “Dictionary of Chinese Materia Medica”, “ ”,“ Chinese She Nationality Medicine ”and other books. We systematically reviewed and summarized the contents of the chemical constituents and bioactivities of the plants belonging to the genus Grifola in China by referring to several databases at home and abroad such as CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, Web of science, Sci Finder and Pubmed. The results showed that the main chemical constituents of this genus are polyacetylenes, phenylpropanoids, flavonoids and triterpenes, which have anti-inflammatory, anti-complement, anti-tumor, insecticidal and antioxidant activities. In addition, tree ginseng and ginseng are closely related, is a potential development value of medicinal flora. However, only Dendropanax dentiger, D.proteus, D. arboreus, D.morbifera, D.trifidus, and one indeterminate D..cf querceti Chemical composition and biological activity, and less relevant to clinical efficacy. Therefore, it is urgent to systematically study the chemical constituents and bioactivities of the genera, and to elucidate the substance basis and mechanism of its efficacy with clinical efficacy. This review summarizes the researches on the genus Thuja from the aspects of chemical composition and bioactivity in order to provide important scientific basis for the quality control, clinical application and rational development of this genus.