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本文根据粘土矿物的类型、含量和组合特征了柴达木盆地第三系粘土矿物横向分布规律，发现上、下第三系尽管伊／蒙间层粘土、伊利石这两类主要粘土矿物从湖盆的边缘向中心分别呈现减小和增大的趋势，但其含量对比及矿物组合显然不同，下第三系以伊利石为主，主要有Ｉ＋有序Ｉ／Ｓ＋Ｃｈ＋Ｋ组合，其次为不含高岭石的组合；上第三系，湖盆边缘相带以Ｉ／Ｓ间层为主，并主要呈现无序Ｉ／Ｓ间层＋Ｉ＋Ｃｈ＋Ｋ组合，湖盆中心相区则与下第三系类似，但Ｉ／Ｓ间层的含量却要高一些。上述分布规律的控制因素主要有干旱—半干旱的古气候状况、不同的母岩类型、沉积环境和成岩作用强度等。
Based on the type, content and combination of clay minerals, the paper studies the lateral distribution of clay minerals in the Tertiary in the Qaidam Basin. It is found that the upper and lower Tertiary systems, although the two major types of clay minerals, The edge of the basin tends to decrease and increase towards the center respectively. However, its content contrast and the mineral assemblage are obviously different. The lower Tertiary is mainly illite with the I + order I / S + Ch + K combination, followed by the non-high In the upper Tertiary, the lacustrine facies belts are dominated by I / S interbeds and mainly show a combination of disordered I / S interbeds + I + Ch + K. The central facies of the lacustrine basin is similar to that of the Lower Tertiary, However, I / S layer content is higher. The main controlling factors of the above distribution are arid and semi-arid paleoclimatic conditions, different parent rock types, sedimentary environment and diagenetic intensity.