流行性出血热(EHF)发病机理目前尚不十分清楚,但多数学者认为:宿主免疫反应起主要作用,即病毒入侵后大量复制。复合物沉积在血管内皮和肾小球基底膜上,从而导致多发性的病理损害。而病毒感染只起启动作用,但病毒具有泛嗜性特点,它不但侵袭免疫细胞,而且损害全身各脏器小动脉内皮细胞,引起组织细胞充血、水肿、变性、坏死。本病的基本病理改变是全身毛细血管和小血管的损伤,血管麻痹、扩张,脆性、通透性增强,及毛细血管的裂解,导致血浆大量渗出,广泛的组织水肿、出血,而后者又相继引起各系统、各脏器的病理改变及功能障碍。病程中,尤以少尿期或移行阶段常引起各种严重的并发症,如腔道出血、继发感染、心衰、肺水肿、中枢神经系统及其他并发症,常促使或加速病人死亡。当然EHF DIC的出现及代谢产物的增加,可更进一步的加重损害。有的器官或局部损害严重,可造成长时间的或永久性的损害。现将临床常遇到的并发症,综合摘要报道如下。 The pathogenesis of epidemic hemorrhagic fever (EHF) is not yet clear, but most scholars believe that the host immune response plays a major role, that is, a large number of replication after virus invasion. Complex deposition on the vascular endothelium and glomerular basement membrane, resulting in multiple pathological damage. The virus infection only play a starting role, but the virus has the characteristics of pan-tropism, which not only affects immune cells, but also damage the systemic arteriolar endothelial cells, causing tissue congestion, edema, degeneration and necrosis. The basic pathological changes of the disease are the damage of systemic capillaries and small blood vessels, paralysis of blood vessels, expansion, fragility, permeability enhancement and capillary lysis, leading to massive plasma exudation, extensive tissue edema and hemorrhage, and the latter Have caused the system, the organs of the pathological changes and dysfunction. During the course of the disease, the oliguric phase or the transitional phase often causes various serious complications, such as cavity bleeding, secondary infection, heart failure, pulmonary edema, central nervous system and other complications, often causing or accelerating the patient’s death. Of course, the appearance of EHF DIC and the increase of metabolites may further aggravate the damage. Some organs or local damage serious, can cause long-term or permanent damage. Now often encountered clinical complications, a comprehensive summary is reported below.