甘肃位于中国大陆中西部,自古以来,因地理位置的原因,一直是历代中央政权实现对西部边疆地区管理、施政和建立战略防御体系的重要中继地,也是与西藏、新疆、中亚、西亚乃至中东及欧洲开展贸易的重要通道,其政治、经济位置都极为重要。正因为此,千百年来,贸易、战争、屯垦戍边和东西交通,在这一地区造成了人口、物资的频繁流动。清代甘肃生态环境的变化,与当地农业、牧业、商业、工业、交通的发展及战争等人类活动有着密不可分的关系。人类 Gansu is located in the central and western part of mainland China since ancient times. Due to its geographical location, Gansu has been an important relay point for the successive efforts of the central government in realizing the management, administration and establishment of a strategic defense system in the western border regions. It is also an important relay point to Tibet, Xinjiang, Central Asia, West Asia As well as the Middle East and Europe to trade an important channel, its political and economic position are extremely important. Precisely because of this, for thousands of years, trade, war, stationing garrisons and transportation between the east and the west have caused frequent movements of population and goods in the region. The change of ecological environment in Gansu in the Qing Dynasty is inextricably linked with human activities such as local agriculture, animal husbandry, commerce, industry, transportation development and warfare. Humanity