美国、德国、日本等国的刑事审前程序分流机制经历了产生、发展、成熟的过程。现今,这些国家分别通过警告、暂缓起诉、不起诉等方式对特定的刑事案件在侦查、公诉阶段进行分流。审前程序分流在这些国家的司法实践中发挥着重要的作用。 The diversion mechanism of criminal pretrial procedure in the United States, Germany, Japan and other countries has undergone a process of emergence, development and maturity. Nowadays, these countries separately divert specific criminal cases in the stage of investigation and prosecution through warnings, detention prosecutions and non-prosecutions respectively. Pre-trial proceedings have played an important role in judicial practice in these countries.