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尿石症包括肾、输尿管、膀胱和尿道结石,是泌尿道常见疾病,青壮年居多,20～40岁占70～80％。肾和输尿管的结石发生率,男女之比为5:1,膀胱和尿道结石的发生率,男女之比为24:1。海员恰恰是男性青壮年占绝对优势。据英国海军对1968～1978年间北极星核潜艇100次巡航中较重的106例外科诊断分析,其中39例腹部疾病中,有4例是肾结石引起的肾绞痛,约占总数的4％,仅次于兰尾炎和消化道溃疡。在海军医院里,因泌尿道结石而就诊和住院者也有相当比例。苏联学者在大型舰船上统计,远航时需要外科抢救疾病依次为:急性阑尾炎(81.6％)、创伤(13.9
Urolithiasis includes kidney, ureter, bladder and urinary tract stones. It is a common urinary tract disease, mostly young adults, 70-80% of whom are 20-40 years old. The incidence of kidney and ureter stones, male to female ratio of 5: 1, the incidence of bladder and urethral stones, male to female ratio of 24: 1. Seamen is precisely the male young and middle-aged absolute advantage. According to the British Navy’s surgeon analysis of 106 cases of the heaviest 100 cruises of the Polaris nuclear submarine between 1968 and 1978, 4 of 39 cases of abdominal diseases were kidney stones caused by kidney stones, accounting for about 4% of the total, only Next to mastitis and peptic ulcer. In the Naval Hospital, due to urinary tract stones and inpatient hospital also have a considerable proportion. Soviet scholar statistics on a large ship, salvage surgery need rescue disease were: acute appendicitis (81.6%), trauma (13.9