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利用体细胞重编程技术将已分化的体细胞转化为诱导多能干(induced pluripotent stem,iPS)细胞是生命科学领域的一个里程碑事件。iPS细胞与胚胎干细胞的作用类似,均有分化成机体各种成熟细胞的潜能,但前者可以避免胚胎干细胞研究中存在的免疫排斥和医学伦理等问题。因此,iPS细胞在基础及临床研究领域均展现出良好的应用前景。本文对iPS细胞历经10年的研究历程、iPS细胞目前在临床各类疾病及药物监测中的应用以及iPS细胞研究中存在的问题进行综述,重点阐述iPS细胞在神经系统疾病中的应用。
The use of somatic reprogramming techniques to transform differentiated somatic cells into induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells is a landmark event in the life sciences. Similar to the function of ESCs, iPS cells have the potential to differentiate into various mature cells in the body. However, the former can avoid the problems of immunological rejection and medical ethics in embryonic stem cell research. Therefore, iPS cells have shown good prospects in both basic and clinical research. In this paper, IPS cells after 10 years of research history, iPS cells in clinical various diseases and drug monitoring applications and iPS cell research problems are reviewed, focusing on iPS cells in the application of the nervous system diseases.