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PCR英文全称:Polymerase Chain Reaction,意即聚合酶链式反应。它是一种特异性DNA序列的体外定向酶促扩增法。1985年美国人类遗传研究家Kary Mullus等人首创这一DNA扩增技术。PCR的诞生使曾流行一时的Southern印迹法、分子克隆、脉冲场凝胶电泳技术相对逊色。这一成果不仅是分子遗传学的有力工具,而且对人类传染病遗传病的早期诊断和临床检验、司法鉴定、分子肿瘤学等领域有重大意义。
English full name of PCR: Polymerase Chain Reaction, that is, polymerase chain reaction. It is an in vitro directed enzymatic amplification of a specific DNA sequence. 1985 American human genetic researcher Kary Mullus and others pioneered the DNA amplification technology. The birth of PCR has made the prevalence of Southern blotting, molecular cloning, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis technology is relatively less. This achievement is not only a powerful tool of molecular genetics, but also of great significance in the fields of early diagnosis and clinical examination of genetic diseases of human infectious diseases, forensic identification and molecular oncology.