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目的了解陕西省杨凌蔬菜中有机磷类农药施用及残留情况,为指导菜农合理用药提供依据。方法 2013年3月—2014年11月对杨凌农户种植即将上市蔬菜进行采样检测,采用气相色谱仪检测蔬菜中10种农药。结果 2年共采集了400份蔬菜样本,有机磷农药总检出率为7.50%,超标率为3.25%;叶菜类有机磷类农药残留检出率和超标率均最高,分别为10.00%和5.71%;夏季蔬菜有机磷类农药残留较高,检出率为10.91%,超标率6.36%;10种有机磷类农药中,甲胺磷检出率和超标率均最高,分别为1.75%和0.75%。结论杨凌蔬菜种植者仍存在滥用农药的情况。
Objective To understand the application and residues of organophosphorus pesticides in vegetables in Yangling, Shaanxi Province, so as to provide evidences for rational use of vegetable pesticides. Methods From March 2013 to November 2014, samples of vegetables to be put on the market of Yangling were sampled and tested, and 10 kinds of pesticides in vegetables were detected by gas chromatography. Results A total of 400 vegetable samples were collected in 2 years. The total detectable rate of organophosphorus pesticides was 7.50% and the exceeding standard rate was 3.25%. The detection rates and over-standard rates of organophosphorus pesticide residues in leafy vegetables were the highest (10.00% and 5.71%. The residues of organic phosphorus pesticides in vegetables were higher in summer, with the detection rate of 10.91% and the exceeding standard rate of 6.36%. Among the 10 kinds of organophosphate pesticides, the methamidophos detection rates and the excess rates were the highest, 1.75% and 0.75%. Conclusion Yangling vegetable growers still abuse pesticides.